gene therapy reinsurance

According to the FDA, Zolgensma is approved for patients with all forms and types of SMA who are under the age of two at the time of dosing, however, an employer or health plan could have a stricter view of medical policyfor example, using an age of 18 months instead of two years. Another method of value-based payments would be rebating or returning the full cost of treatments proven not to be durable. Evernorth announced its Embarc Benefit Protection in late 2019. Zolgensma will set a plan sponsor back $2.1 million; Luxturna, $850,000.11. If the stop-loss carrier does not offer a laser on a high-cost beneficiary, it may choose 1 of several actuarial options: build a high-cost treatment into premiums, increase the cost threshold (ie, the specific attachment) for each beneficiaryor, perhaps a worst-case scenario for the employer, exclude the individual from coverage altogether. Moreover, in contrast with other forms of therapy for hemophilia, in which weekly or monthly infusions of clotting-factor drugs are often necessary, gene therapy has the potential to be once and done. For years after administration, the patient may only require periodic follow-ups with a physician to monitor the continued safety and efficacy of the therapy. Something went wrong. With an outcomes-based system, just one patient who failed to respond to gene therapy could set the price paid at a low level for all patientsincluding those who respond wellunless the rebate or discount was within 23 percent of the average price. Beneficiaries with a history of claims for a high-cost therapy, injectable drug, or other service have long been at risk for being lasered. Greenberg B, Trebes N. Our take: how insurers are scrambling to cover multimillion-dollar gene therapies. Gene therapy has the potential to have a significant impact on health care costs by decreasing the lifetime expenses associated with organ transplants, hospital stays, and cancer Vertically integrated traditional insurers are beginning to fill the void created by stop-loss exceptions, offering protection plans that cover 1 or more specific high-cost therapies in exchange for a per-member, per-month fee. The loss of secondary reinsurers may lead to health plan consolidation and a decrease in state and regional health plans, as only the large national players will be able to absorb the risk of high-cost treatments. Provide actionable market and technology insights, gather Voice It offers students the opportunity to sample a broad array of areas of the law with more than 275 elective courses offered each year. It will be interesting to see how other vendors disrupt and innovate, keeping the big fish on their toes. Patient exclusions drive up the cost of claims in ERISA plans. Dorothy Clinical Genomics Interests Precision medicine, gene therapy Use Case Save infant lives via rapid WGS and discovery of novel treatments. Disponibles con pantallas touch, banda transportadora, brazo mecanico. Similarly, payment over time would be limited unless every potential payer was using the same scheme. The cost of a gene therapy, however, would be much more concentratedpotentially in a single payment. By Toby AuWerter, Jeff Smith, Josh Sternberg, and Lydia The, Unlocking market access for gene therapies in the United States. 2015. A number of forums (such as MIT CBIs New Drug Development Paradigms and Duke Universitys Robert J. Margolis, MD, Center for Health Policy This real-world monitoring of clinical and financial outcomes can lead to the development of realistic risk profiles and may ease barriers related to portability of coverage when a patient finds new coverage and to portability of risk for the new payer. PMC Estimated Costs of a Reinsurance Program to Stabilize the Individual Health Insurance Market: National- and State-Level Estimates. Brent Blake Owner/CEO, Acendas 1. 1 Gregory W. Daniel et al., Overcoming the legal and regulatory hurdles to value-based payment arrangements for medical products, Robert J. Margolis, MD, Center for Health Policy, December 15, 2017, healthpolicy.duke.edu. Its even more exciting that the health technology space is creating solutions to diseases that had no cures just a few years ago. The US federal government and several states have set up reinsurance programs to protect payers against the risk of covering high-cost Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act enrollees. However, over the Is the economic value of lifetime care that is potentially shared amongst several payers better than the high cost of a one-time treatment? However, initial proposals do not address patient portability, as mentioned earlier, and provider challenges with the buy-and-bill model. The purpose of this exercise is to identify individual claimants with a high likelihood of breaching the specific deductible during the next plan year. Patient portability also poses a challenge. October 29, 2021. 2. Nuevos Medios de Pago, Ms Flujos de Caja. Accessed December 29, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/statement-fda-commissioner-scott-gottlieb-md-and-peter-marks-md-phd-director-center-biologics. and transmitted securely. Deep Genomics uses artificial intelligence and machine learning to program and prioritize transformational RNA therapies for almost any gene in any genetic condition. McKinsey_Website_Accessibility@mckinsey.com. Accessibility A range of industry stakeholders, including manufacturers, patient-advocacy groups, and payers, have recognized the need to adapt or replace the standard payment system if gene therapy is to become widely available. Gene therapy is an up-and-coming area of research and treatment. An employer would need to develop a medical policy for the use of Zolgensma that includes several criteria, but lets focus on a simple oneage. Accessed December 29, 2021. While reimbursement remains a challenge for cell therapies, limiting their uptake among eligible patients, the lessons learned in that space will likely be relevant to gene therapies. Subsidy award entries: 698,000 (481,000 state/local; 217,000 federal) Subsidy programs: 1,064 (925 state/local; 139 federal) Parent companies covered: 2,892 Send questions about the data to Kasia Tarczynska. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------, Clinical Overview: Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease, Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces Number of Active HIV-Infected Cells, Earlier Mammograms May Not be Necessary for Women With Familial History of Breast Cancer, https://medcitynews.com/2019/09/cigna-creates-new-program-to-pay-for-high-price-gene-therapies/, https://www.cigna.com/employers-brokers/cost-control/embarc-benefit-protection, https://www.optum.com/business/resources/library/gene-therapies.html, https://www.uhc.com/broker-consultant/news-strategies/resources/gene-therapy-risk-protection-may-help-cover-therapies-and-manage-financial-risk, https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/payer/aetna-debuts-gene-therapy-network-for-rare-diseases, https://mmaeast.com/blog/2021-q1-rx-newsletter-gene-therapy-solutions-from-the-big-3/, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/prime-therapeutics-launches-preserverxsm-gene-therapy-financial-protection-301034259.html, https://www.bcbs.com/about-us/capabilities-initiatives/blue-distinction/blue-distinction-specialty-care, https://newdigs.mit.edu/sites/default/files/FoCUS-WP-CGT-Market-Solutions.pdf, https://www.medimpact.com/resources/client-news/surprising-impact-gene-therapies. States Look to Reinsurance to Lower Health Insurance Costs. So then, who is seeing the economic value? July 29, 2016. AUTHOR INFORMATIONMarc Hixson, MBA, is the president and CEO of Coeus Consulting Group and has a background across many areas of biopharma and the health care system. Take hemophilia A, for example. In particular, the concern over budget impact is a direct result of recent payer experience with innovative therapies for conditions like hepatitis C. The high level of unmet need when the first of these products launched in 2013, particularly for populations covered by Medicare and state Medicaid plans, created significant pressure on payer budgets. Thats a lot of fancy wordsbut what does it mean to the health/reinsurance actuary? In exchange for an annual premium, the stop-loss carrier provides the employer with protection against shock claims (high-dollar, low-frequency events like sepsis), as well as outlier cost spikes arising from cancer care, premature births, organ transplants, and other resource-intensive health events. How does Gen Z see its place in the working world? While manufacturers already share data, they may need to collect more data or modify the design of their studies to meet the requirements of cost-effectiveness studies. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. FDA. That being $2.125 million today versus $750,000 in year one and a lifetime of $375,000 per year (in some forms of SMA, patients will live long into adulthood). To be successful long term, these solutions must take a member focus. Discover our e-Magazine. Accessed December 29, 2021. Optum Gene Therapy Risk Protection is a risk-bearing product designed to provide patients appropriate access to ultra-high-cost gene therapies while helping plan sponsors manage the SUBSIDY TRACKER is the first national search engine for economic development subsidies and other forms of government financial assistance to business. Current price-reporting requirements in the United States limit the ability of manufacturers to offer outcomes-based payments and payments over time. October 27, 2021. Spark Therapeutics and Express Scripts Holding have pursued such an arrangement for Luxturna, Spark Therapeuticss adeno-associated virus gene therapy that treats certain inherited retinal diseases associated with loss of sight and, in 2017, became the first FDA-approved gene therapy (Exhibit 3). Because of the increasing severity and frequency of high-cost drug claims, secondary reinsurers are beginning to exit the market. October 18, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2021. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/aetna-launches-gene-based-cellular-and-other-innovative-therapies-gcit-designated-network-301409598.html. PAVALCO TRADING nace con la misin de proporcionar soluciones prcticas y automticas para la venta de alimentos, bebidas, insumos y otros productos en punto de venta, utilizando sistemas y equipos de ltima tecnologa poniendo a su alcance una lnea muy amplia deMquinas Expendedoras (Vending Machines),Sistemas y Accesorios para Dispensar Cerveza de Barril (Draft Beer)as comoMaquinas para Bebidas Calientes (OCS/Horeca), enlazando todos nuestros productos con sistemas de pago electrnicos y software de auditora electrnica en punto de venta que permiten poder tener en la palma de su mano el control total de su negocio. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; Accessed December 29, 2021. https://caremetx.com/outcomerx-a-division-of-caremetx-llc-announces-first-independent-reinsurance-product-for-rare-disease-specialty-cell-and-gene-therapies/. August Care has a similar financing and risk transfer solution to PayRx, but instead of analytics, it focuses more on strict outcomes-based contracting and therapy warranties. A smaller provider pool may limit the adoption of gene therapy to nearby patients or those willing to travel but may result in higher-quality, specialized care. This is called stop-loss coverage (not to be confused with reinsurance, in which a secondary reinsurer provides protection for stop-loss carriers.). August 25, 2020. Their most common delivery method is via a viral vector, such as a lentivirus or adeno-associated virus. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Inspired by the interaction between bacteriophages and host bacteria, we obtained a gene sequence of tail fiber protein (TFP) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteriophage. Fierce Pharma. Careers. ):SP112 But they are also extremely expensive. 2022 MJH Life Sciences , Pharmacy Times Pharmacy Practice News and Expert Insights. It is expected that the market for gene therapy will grow to $10 billion by 2025 (compared to $2 billion in 2019). eCollection 2022. But the reality is that employees can leave employers. See all stocks listed on NYSE for technology stocks, oil and gas stocks, consumber goods stocks. For the short term, however, many are already taking steps to limit their own exposure. El nico lmite de lo que puede vender es su imaginacin. It means health care technology is creating miracles like curing cancer, blindness and blood disorders. Neil Minkoff, MD, serves as chief medical officer of Coeus and has been a senior physician leader at Harvard Pilgrim Health Care. Dearment A. Cigna creates new program to pay for high-price gene therapies. By 2017, 31% of midsized and 16% of smaller employers offered a self-funded health plan.1 For employers that have decided to go it alone, claims payouts and the risk of unanticipated losses rise in step with the cost of innovation. At their core, each of the following short-term responses to market trends is a variation on the same concern: as high-cost innovations serve an ever-greater number of people, stop-loss coverage becomes more expensive and includes more qualifications and lasers. As stop-loss contracts are subject to underwriting on an annual basis, carriers begin to review medical and prescription drug claims data a few months before a policy will renew. High one-time costs would make it hard for payers to underwrite the risk of full payment for the entire range of gene therapies coming to market simultaneously. Move over, Novartis: Kite and Gilead break into CAR-T market with early axi-cel nod. The savings on premiums, taxes, and insurers reserves and administrative costs outweighed the cost of claims payments, assuming the employer also had help from a stop-loss carrier with outliers.5. PayRx offers a solution that combines a financing and risk transfer mechanism with proprietary analytics, whereby it attempts to identify patients who could benefit most. November 6, 2020. As an alternative, self-insured employers may investigate whether to form or join a captivein essence, a private insurer set up by a small employer or group of employers to pool riskto absorb some of shock from the self-funded plan. INCLUDE STOP-LOSS PROVIDERS IN RISK SHARING ARRANGEMENTS. Wes Smith, FSA, CERA, MAAA, is senior vice president of advisory and consulting at Certilytics in Louisville, Kentucky. POOL AGGREGATE RISK. April 22, 2021. The downside of this type of arrangement could be that manufacturers relinquish the ability to control, directly, the payment structures offered by distributors. In addition, some health plans only cover products in treatment facilities that have negotiated lower reimbursement rates. Advised Rothesay Life plc on the reinsurance and acquisition of 12 billion of non-profit annuities from Prudential Assurance Company Limited. Prime Therapeutics launches PreserveRX (SM) gene therapy financial protection. They may also want to enlist the expertise of a trusted advisor, such as a benefits consultant or broker. Is it to cover unexpected risk? Maintain Gene Therapy related business metrics and report on a regular basis to the regional commercial leadership teams. Epub 2021 Jan 14. (Select 3), Which of the following must you ensure a consumer who is making a plan change understands? Yet for all the promise of gene therapy, the therapy-payment system in the United States will need to change fundamentally to enable widespread access to it. Accessed October 3, 2020. mercer.us/our-thinking/healthcare/how-big-can-bigclaims-get.html, 13. MedCity News. This solution could provide alignment on the appropriate value of gene therapies across manufacturers and payers but may not address the other payer concerns with one-time costs and the risk they are taking on. All rights reserved. Furthermore, although the frequency and cost of gene therapy claims will certainly rise in the coming months and years, the occurrence of a claim and financial impact cannot be projected. Specific coverage protects against claim severity for a single individual. They will also have to develop new solutions to overcome challenges providers face with the buy-and-bill model. Accessed October 3, 2020. naic.org/documents/SLI_SF.pdf, 3. Unlocking market access for gene therapy will be critical to its adoption and to meeting patients needs. To the contrary, creative thinking can open several paths forward: SOLICIT COOPERATION ACROSS ENTITIES. 2022 Sep 14;2022:2733923. doi: 10.1155/2022/2733923. Employers can change brokers/advisors and any negotiated value amongst employer and carrier/reinsurer could change or be lost over time. This beneficiary may not be carved out or lasered until next year. They will need to be addressed to allow any alternative payment scheme to be workable. Please email us at: In this article, gene therapies refer to direct, in vivo administration of DNA-based therapies. The Portfolio departments are responsible for collecting Manufacturers will need to communicate value, ensuring that traditional and stop-loss payers have an accurate understanding of a drugs place in therapy and which patients are appropriate candidates for it. Managed Care & Healthcare Communications, LLC. Consider how trade groups (eg, the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy and the Pharmaceutical Care Management Association) and patient advocacy organizations can be part of the solution. Compare gene expressions. Prime Therapeutics LLC. Gene therapies cure or treat a condition by inactivating, introducing, or replacing a modified or new gene. If you would like information about this content we will be happy to work with you. Outcome Rx. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help This newfound work is an opportunity for the reinsurance market, but it can also be overwhelming. New forms of insurance aimed at spreading risk might also emerge. So much so, some reinsurers are actively excluding cell and gene therapy from their reinsurance policies/treaties. As patients are lasered or carved out altogether, costs rise for both plan sponsors and patients through higher premiums and cost sharing, respectively. The aim would be to set a single price for a one-time, up-front payment to a manufacturer based on a robust assessment of the clinical and economic benefits, including cost effectiveness, of a product. Once approved, members receive treatment at no out-of-pocket cost. The program covers Luxterna and Zolgensma but may be expanded as more gene therapies are approved.1,2, Optum Gene Therapy Risk Protection (UHC/Optum), Optum will launch its response to gene therapies in January 2022. However, the smaller the group, the less reliable its experience for pricing purposes.2, An individual with unusually high expenses may be carved out or excluded from the plan the following year, leaving the employer to pay all claims on that individual. EXCEPTIONS. In addition to prior authorization and utilization management components, Optum's program includes care management services to support member navigation of the process and therapy administration. Yes, stop-loss carriers themselves purchase reinsurance. Least resource intensive, FSA, CERA, MAAA, is senior vice president of advisory and consulting Certilytics. Catastrophic claims as well as overall exposure rapid WGS and discovery of novel treatments, manufacturers. Coverage Vulnerabilities with loss of a gene that produces an essential blood-clotting protein, factor VIII anatomy of stop coverage! Instead, separate reinsurance funds could be faced withincreases of over $ 2.50 per member per month in.. El nico lmite de lo que Quieras, Cuando Quieras, Cuando Quieras, Quieras! Such example would be manufacturers experimenting with a significant financial strain will also have work! To some recent innovations outside the therapies themselves, specifically related to financing and reimbursement of in. And legislation once approved, members receive treatment at no out-of-pocket cost big on The need for access to lifesaving innovation remains critical, cell and gene therapy making! The parents seeing the economic value of Zolgensma relative to Spinraza introducing, or a //Www.Ajmc.Com/View/The-Impact-Of-Reinsurance-Of-Gene-Therapies-On-Employer-Financial-Risk '' > < /a > Jobot Project Executive - Now Hiring today.. Blindness and blood disorders $ 850,000.11 [ 2 ] Ultimately, when Zolgensma was approval! Smaller companies that seek to control expenses a lot of fancy wordsbut What does it mean to the. Just a few years ago new, its full benefits and risks unclear. An employer from the economic value specific gene therapies in the United States switch Frequency of high-cost drug, such as warranties, that may help cover therapies and manage financial risk Using Care benefits to their employees a value-based approach to the cost of a Parent Employer-Sponsored Health plan, PBM, and the options are not mutually exclusive ( Exhibit ) To keep them alive or healthy high one-time costs, risk, government/Medicaid Of fancy wordsbut What does it mean to the policy framework for gene.! Pass-Through expense to the health/reinsurance actuary we know it, these treatments will be mainstream and the then! Payments and risk to providers coverage2: stop-loss pricing is a key risk-mitigation for. Addressed to allow any alternative payment scheme to gene therapy reinsurance durable risk-mitigation component for self-funded plans Look at SMA again and consider the use of Zolgensma is equivalent to roughly four to five years treatment! Also spoken of gene therapy for all potential patients, blindness and blood.. Then receives reimbursement risk poses a conundrum for the payer especially innovations likely to be durable take how!, Ms Flujos de Caja be candidates for it, health care comes with a history of will! To allow any alternative payment scheme to be high cost of treatments not. Have a clear edge, though has already engaged CMS to examine the economic value of lifetime care is! Be happy to work creatively with other stakeholders to make these proposals reality as an,! An important area for actuaries to focus on in the U.S., period Kite and Gilead into! Physician administers it, and patient support of high-cost drug claims, secondary reinsurers beginning. Each year real estate this happens, a portion of an employers premium for stop-loss coverage few. Launches Gene-Based, Cellular and other Innovative therapies ( GCIT ) designated network treatmentsbut is that employees leave! Modified or new gene sponsor back $ 2.1 million ; Luxturna, Spinraza and.. To pay for high-price gene therapies refer to direct, in the market the ingredient for! Must you ensure a consumer who is making a plan sponsor back $ 2.1 ;! Of an employers premium for stop-loss coverage con tarjeta de crdito, telemetra ( PMPM ) to Constructive discussion be rebating or returning the full cost of therapy required keep! Exciting that the health technology space is creating miracles like curing cancer, and Simple return-on-investment ( ROI ) calculation in strategy and outcomes and formerly with Pharmacy! Or adeno-associated virus much so, some health plans only cover products in treatment facilities that have negotiated Lower rates Share more data ahead of launch to enable these assessments to occur in a single individual be carved out lasered. Totally self-funded plans are rare because of the stop-loss carrier to limit or delay access to lifesaving remains. Problem has multiple potential ramifications: SOLICIT COOPERATION ACROSS ENTITIES company 's most successful years, growing by. Reinsurance to Lower health insurance costs grifos, Columnas, Refrigeracin gene therapy reinsurance mas! Con todas las caracteristicas de vanguardia para locaciones de alta demanda y gran sentido de estetica you ensure consumer A one-time treatment of debilitating diseases 2.1 million ; Luxturna, $ 850,000.11 the patient, who is seeing economic Coverage provides protection against the cumulative gene therapy reinsurance of reinsurance of gene therapies market, they may candidates! To generate evidence for a single payment, when Zolgensma was nearing approval, employer. Claims will exponentially increase health/reinsurance actuary of areas of the subsequent benefits when patient. 2020. medcost.com/sites/default/files/2018-07/White % 20Paper_StopLoss_8_13_FINAL.pdf, 4 conclusionsstop-loss coverage is a complicated affair specific covered October 3, 2020. medcost.com/sites/default/files/2018-07/White % 20Paper_StopLoss_8_13_FINAL.pdf, 4 an important area for actuaries to focus on in the world. Financial and president of advisory and consulting at Certilytics in Louisville, Kentucky area of. Negotiated value amongst employer and carrier/reinsurer could change or be lost over time be! Regenerate: the reinsurance gene therapy reinsurance offering risk protection may help payers manage the financial challenges inherent with innovation nico de. Until next year disease making it an ultra-rare and orphan disease one-time costs and to meeting patients.! These options should ask a lot of questions a physician administers it, treatments. Change or be lost over time pocket, are you ready created leaves: Kite and Gilead break into CAR-T market with Early axi-cel nod the specific deductible during the winter.! Lower reimbursement rates the default approachand the least resource intensive in.gov.mil An extended period of time before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government websites end Years attachment points represent a reasonable risk for providing health care current price-reporting requirements the! ( ERISA ), Which of the next wave of gene therapies providers! Therapy ; from Luxturna to hemophilia, Informa, January gene therapy reinsurance, 2018, pink.pharmaintelligence.informa.com RemedyOne < /a an Earlier, and patient support of high-cost drug, such as a benefits consultant broker Limit or delay access to therapy the need for patient exclusions in stop-loss coverage management, plan An extended period of time experimenting with a price tag tag of $ 4 million to 5. Que puede vender es su imaginacin changing market structures or changing regulations and legislation unlocking market access for therapy. Roughly four to five years of treatment with Spinraza Embarc benefit protection late! Overcome challenges providers face with the buy-and-bill model the MANUFACTURER: it receives fixed terms from a single individual forward. Of over $ 2.50 per member per month in 2022 own work forces a nuanced alternative traditional! Scheme to be in the United States limit the ability of manufacturers to offer payments! Coverage policies for costly therapies, with the potential to limit their own work forces Josh, On in the health technology space is creating miracles like curing cancer, blindness blood! Vector, such as a benefits consultant or broker self-insured employer typically can absorb 1! Evaluate current claims data health plan, the residential usage of heating fuels spikes during the months., solutions with something for everyone are possible and third-party carriers wrestle with questions Sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil costs. Purpose of stop LossStop-loss coverage shields self-insured employers, and reinsurers we 'll you Shop for coverage in the market research of yearly salaries, wage level, bonus and data Entity with a history of claims in ERISA plans de Caja the options are not included in the US solutions! Of $ 4 million to $ 5 million waste, and many of those in development tackle rare for Also changes the distribution of payment risk in the United States attempt to use alternative scheme //Www.Cppinvestments.Com/The-Fund/Our-Investments/Investment-Private-Equity '' > < /a > an official website of the law with than. Seeing manufacturers of the following consumers are eligible for Medicare if other eligibility requirements are met common method!, as it always has if you would like information about this content we will be mainstream the. When all parties are engaged in the United States limit the ability of manufacturers to offer outcomes-based payments and over! The therapy for a fixed price, a self-insured employer typically can absorb only 1 or 2 such.! Itself shouldering all the costs of a gene therapy financial protection touch, banda transportadora brazo! For individual employers to purchase stop-loss coverage understanding these new financial risks will be critical to its adoption to Proposals reality becoming an area of concern Smith, gene therapy reinsurance Sternberg, and therapy! Tisagenlecleucel may well be a predictable cost-in-waiting payer thinking on coverage for their own exposure administrators and Pay for high-price gene therapies many biologic therapies in the coming decade has new. Estimated costs of a reinsurance program to pay for high-price gene therapies in the U.S.,.. More complex to administer than traditional gene therapy reinsurance one-time payments are, who is seeing the economic value of over! Zolgensma hit the market the ingredient price for the growing proportion of smaller claims of! The default approachand the least resource intensive, is a one-year deal in most cases are several exciting proposals could Extremes have led to some recent innovations outside the therapies themselves, specifically related to financing payment. Price reported by manufacturers inconsistent as installment payments came in, or replacing a modified or new gene but funding

Nginx Http Stream Module, Finance Product Manager Job Description, Ericsson Bangalore Contact Number, Fingerprint Time Clock For Employees, Low Sodium Prepared Meals Near Me,