However, the majority of plastics, called thermoplastics, can theoretically be recycled. Taipei Trash and Recycling: A Quick and Easy Guide. The New Lens. Currently, the industrial sector accounts for approximately a fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions, as calculated by its direct process energy demand, or the energy demanded to power industrial processes (See Figure 1). According to the ministry, four new projects in the petrochemicals industry worth around $1.5 billion are under progress, in addition to six other projects with a total investment of about $7 billion to be implemented within four years to increase the capacity of refineries to more than 41 million tons per year. In, Environmental Integrity Project. Clothing, tyres, digital devices, packaging, detergents and countless other everyday items are made from petrochemicals. Canada's petrochemical industry, along with other chemical and related sectors, must deal with a variety of environmental issues being addressed by federal, provincial and municipal regulators, including: control of odours release of toxic chemicals volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions generation of greenhouse gases 300-Mile Swim Through the Great Pacific Garbage Patch Will Collect Data on Plastic Pollution. Forbes. In the modern petrochemical industry, oil and gas inputs for both raw material and process energy compose around 50% of the operating costs. Regulating embedded emissions at the point of production could reduce the emissions as well as reduce petrochemical waste. PETROCHEMICALS Massive Source of CO2 Emissions, US RACIAL INEQUALITY: The Dastardly Deed of Inclusion, Federal Reserve Raises Rate TO Initiate Economic Depression, WINDFALL TAX on Oil Companies will Destroy Investment & Production, BRAZIL ELECTION: UPDATE Bolsonaro to Audit Election Looking Like Brandon, Paul Pelosi Assault A Hyped Medi Spin Detail Spoiler, US Taxpayers Footing The Bills For Europe Since WWI. Given the EPA restrictions in the US and Europe, Africa has been the new source of plant production. Only in the most well-developed nations has there been a plateau in annual demand for fertilizers at between 85 to 135 kg per capita. From 2009-2014, these three sectors grew by 51%, 13%, and 19% respectively. More than half of globally produced ammonia is used to synthesize urea (CHNO), which is then used as fertilizer (IEA 2018). When charts rate and rank countries by their emissions Germany comes in at 2% compared to the US at 15%. As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. The fossil fuel industry is more than ready to meet this increasing demand. They plan to achieve this quest by using renewable electric energy instead of fossil fuels Not sure, but it seems to me that electricity does not convert to plastic no matter how much you hoodoo voodoo it. The total CO2 emissions from VCM plant with a capacity of 300,000MT/yr was estimated to be 95659.2 MT . 1 in the chemical sector, both ccus and electrolytic hydrogen-based routes are possible pathways; and local factors such as natural gas Some plastics, called thermosets, are inherently non-recyclable, due to their inability to be melted or reformed. Therefore, the second goal of a sustainable petrochemical industry must be to reduce dependence on fossil fuels for feedstocks and instead invest in carbon-neutral alternatives. However, technical and logistical challenges mean that even with extremely ambitious and rigorous national recycling initiatives, countries have struggled to successfully recycle even a majority of petrochemical waste (See Figure 3). This will not hold in a carbon-neutral energy system, and obscures the considerable quantity of carbon that is released through the incineration process (CIEL 2019). However, as the world works to achieve the emissions goals of the Paris Climate Agreement, it is important to recognize that decarbonizing our energy system alone will not lead us to a carbon-neutral (or negative) society. Accessed 12/21/20: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2014, Environmental Protection Administration (Taiwan). at the University of Pennsylvania Refineries are on a trajectory to release between .07 million and .12 million tons of particulate matter by 2050 putting local communities at risk of cancers and respiratory disease. Plastics reduce emissions here's how. The global petrochemical industry has experienced more than 15 years of strong volume growth: annual ethylene production has risen from around 100 million metric tons in 2000 to almost 150 million metric tons in 2016. Short-term Energy Outlook: Natural Gas. Accessed 12/21/20: https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/report/natgas.php, U.S. Energy Information Administration. T he emissions of Iran's petrochemical industry in Iran have decreased by 44% in the past decade, advisor to the managing director of the National Petrochemical Company said.. Furthermore, traditional recycling methods also result in a significant portion of plastics being down-cycled into lower-grade products due to impurities. Ethanol, already the bedrock of the bioenergy industry, can be produced from sugars and starches found in a wide range of already harvested crops. Tough tiddly-winks. The petrochemical industry is considered the global powerhouse. Is Hydrogen the Power Industries Holy Grail? Power Magazine. Alternative ways of producing carbon neutral feedstocks, beyond product recycling, must be utilized for the global petrochemical industry to meet the projected growth in demand without increasing embedded carbon emissions. 73% of the chemicals and petrochemicals sector's total energy use came from the production of methanol, ammonia, and HVCs in 2014. Accessed 12/21/20: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/01/20/by-2050-there-will-be-more-plastic-than-fish-in-the-worlds-oceans-study-says/, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). 90% of those bottles are NOT recycled and end up in the marine ecosystem. Carbon Footprint for the Petrochemical Industry in Qatar: A Case Study for the VCM Process . In 2020, the rapid expansion of the oil, gas and petrochemical industries ran into problems with overproduction and an economic slowdown caused by the global coronavirus pandemic. He also participates in several key research projects at the center and also writes blog posts and policy digests on timely energy policy topics. The alternative solution would be to assign the social cost of carbon to the producers who are responsible for embedding the carbon from fossil fuels in the first place. Still, petrochemicals are NOT going away any time soon unless consumerism simply vanishes. These emissions (categorised as scope 1) cover its activities such burning fuel on site and vehicle fleets, while scope 2 covers the emissions from electricity it purchases. By 2050, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from plastic plants is estimated to reach 56 gigatons. Petrochemical feedstock accounts for 12% of global oil demand, a share that is expected to increase driven by increasing demand for plastics, fertilisers and other products. 2019. There are also some signs of a possible saturation of plastic in many of these nations at approximately 60 kg per capita per year. This imposition of a carbon price on producers could be coupled with additional fees for landfill disposal, which would further reduce the quantity of petrochemical waste that goes unprocessed. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. Accessed 12/21/20: https://recycle.epa.gov.tw/en/recycling_knowledge_01.html, Grand View Research. Although plastic recycling plays a comparatively smaller role when it comes to emission reductions, improved waste management infrastructure a necessary pre-requisite for the recycling increases in the CTS lays the groundwork to drastically reduce plastic pollution from todays unacceptable levels. In 2015, 44 petrochemical industry construction and expansion projects were proposed or permitted in the U.S. that are expected to pump about 86 million tons of greenhouse gases1 | The monomers after the polymerization process create several polymers which ultimately are used to produce gels, lubricants, elastomers, plastics, and fibers. Emission Sources in Petrochemical Plants 64 : 4.0 Common emission sources : 64: 4.1 Emission from combustion sources (power and steam generation) 64: 4.2 Emission profile from olefin complex : 65: 4.2.1 Plant boundary definition and the degree of integration 65: 4.2.2 Emission related to feed stock : 67: 4.2.3 Scale of operations 67: 4.2.4 . RMI today unveils a report disclosing the true state of oil refining and petrochemical emissions. Important Petrochemical Industry Statistics. January 8, 2020. Are you interested in testing our corporate solutions? Found across a vast range of modern products, petrochemicals are part of the fabric of our societies. Producing sufficient hydrogen to offset the fossil fuel demands of ammonia production would alone have a considerable effect on the future carbon intensity of the fossil fuel industry. News. https://www.afpm.org/newsroom/blog/renewable-energies-rely-petrochemicals-oil-and-natural-gas#:~:text=Solar%20energy%20is%20not%20alone,engine%20houses%20and%20rotor%20blades, https://www.reuters.com/article/china-petrochemical-zhejiang/chinas-zhejiang-petrochemical-launches-mega-reformer-unit-idUSL4N28L0PU, https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/business-sites/en/global/corporate/pdfs/energy-economics/statistical-review/bp-stats-review-2019-approximate-conversion-factors.pdf, https://ammoniaindustry.com/urea-production-is-not-carbon-sequestration/#:~:text=To%20make%20urea%2C%20fertilizer%20producers,through%20the%20production%20of%20urea, https://www.buzzworthy.com/taiwan-garbage-disposal/, https://www.c2es.org/content/international-emissions, https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/10-countries-moving-towards-a-green-hydrogen-economy, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2014, https://recycle.epa.gov.tw/en/recycling_knowledge_01.html, https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/global-plastics-market, https://www.iea.org/reports/coal-information-overview, https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-petrochemicals, https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_chapter10.pdf, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/01/20/by-2050-there-will-be-more-plastic-than-fish-in-the-worlds-oceans-study-says/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29775883/, https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/kidspost/we-cant-send-plastic-to-china-anymore-what-happens-to-our-recyclables-now/2019/11/25/ce76d020-065a-11ea-8292-c46ee8cb3dce_story.html, https://plast.dk/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Design-Guide-Reuse-and-recycling-of-plastic-packaging-for-private-consumers-english-version-1.pdf, https://www.oecd.org/environment/waste/policy-highlights-improving-plastics-management.pdf, https://www.powermag.com/is-hydrogen-the-power-industrys-holy-grail/, https://www.rapidtransition.org/stories/taiwans-transition-from-garbage-island-to-recycling-leader/, https://international.thenewslens.com/article/117330, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542435119303538, https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottsnowden/2019/05/30/300-mile-swim-through-the-great-pacific-garbage-patch-will-collect-data-on-plastic-pollution/?sh=46ae58e489fe, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pol.20190261, https://cen.acs.org/business/petrochemicals/future-oil-chemicals-fuels/97/i8, https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i48/Aramco-SABIC-advance-oilchemicals.html, https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/report/natgas.php, https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/biomass/waste-to-energy.php, https://magazine.wharton.upenn.edu/digital/is-plastic-waste-more-pressing-than-climate-change/, https://ycharts.com/indicators/world_crude_oil_production, 17th Annual Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology Symposium: Climate Change and Human Health. ", Environmental Integrity Project, Greenhouse gas emissions from the petrochemical sector in the U.S. in 2018, by sector (in million short tons of carbon dioxide equivalent) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/520627/petrochemical-project-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-the-us-by-sector/ (last visited November 03, 2022), Greenhouse gas emissions from the petrochemical sector in the U.S. in 2018, by sector, (in million short tons of carbon dioxide equivalent), Available to download in PNG, PDF, XLS format, Global cumulative CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and land use 1850-2021, by country, Projected change in CO2 emissions worldwide 2021, by select country, Total greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. 1990-2020, Greenhouse gas emissions breakdown in the U.S. 2020, by gas, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions' annual change 1991-2020, Energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the United States 2019, by state, U.S. per capita carbon dioxide emissions 1970-2020, Methane emissions in the United States 1990-2020, Breakdown of GHG emissions in the U.S. 2020, by sector, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions 1990-2020, by inventory sector, U.S. carbon dioxide emissions 1975-2021, by sector, U.S. energy-related CO2 emissions 1990-2020, by fuel type, Average greenhouse gas emissions per reporter in the U.S. 2020, by sector, Energy-related CO2 emissions in selected U.S. states 2018, by sector, Greenhouse gas emissions of major U.S. companies 2019, Share of total U.S. GHG emissions from selected corporations 2019, CO2 emissions from the most polluting power plants in the U.S. 2019-2021, CO2 emissions from top power producers in the U.S. 2018-2019, CO2 emissions from top power producers in the U.S. 2019, by fuel source, Toxic air pollution released in the U.S. 2019, by select company, Air pollutant emissions in the U.S. 1990-2021, by type, Population weighted PM2.5 air pollution exposure in the United States 1990-2019, Average PM2.5 levels in the most polluted regional cities in the U.S. 2021, Nitrogen oxides emissions in the U.S. 1970-2021, Deaths attributable to air pollution in the United States 1990-2019, Volatile organic compounds emissions in the U.S. 1970-2021, GHG emissions from oil and gas facilities in the U.S. 2011-2020, Volume of greenhouse gases emitted from gaseous fuels in the UK 1990-2017, Russia: greenhouse gas emissions during natural gas transport 2010-2017, Total oil, gas, and petrochemical employment in the U.S. by occupation 2015, Global GHG emissions from oil sector by process 2017, Greenhouse gas emissions from Canada's emissions-intensive industries 2012, PetroChina's natural gas production 2010-2021, Export value share of petrochemicals Japan 2020, by region, Number of basic petrochemicals facilities Japan 2015-2019, Export value of petrochemicals Japan 2020, by region, Export value of petrochemicals Japan 2014-2020, Greenhouse gas emissions from the petrochemical sector in the U.S. in 2018, by sector (in million short tons of carbon dioxide equivalent), Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, Find a brief overview of all Outlooks here, Tools and Tutorials explained in our Media Centre. World Crude Oil Production. Accessed 12/21/20: https://ycharts.com/indicators/world_crude_oil_production, Kleinman Center for Energy Policy The petrochemical industry will represent a significant source of emissions and pollution long after the decarbonization of global energy systems. Valmet's solutions for helping petrochemical companies achieve plant-wide circular economies include boilers, emission control technologies, flow control and automation solutions - all backed up by our comprehensive service expertise. If the world continues using petrochemical products at current or increased rates, it is critical that a strict end-of-life management plan for these products is developed which accurately accounts for embedded carbon. ) process emissions from each petrochemical unit. They are shutting down pipelines, shipping, power plants and a whole sundry of others. To reach this goal, the world needs to achieve net zero emissions by 2060; to decarbonise by stopping the release of Green House Gases (GHG) into Successful development of large-scale chemical recycling could particularly impact the lifetime emissions of plastics that are traditionally thought of as non-recyclable (e.g. It is categorized as a petrochemical because the production relies on hydrogen gas derived from syngas. These policies, in combination, could address both the high level of non-renewable carbon entering the petrochemical production stream, as well as the low rate of post-consumer processing of petrochemical waste. In many developing countries, demand for fertilizer is increasing by 1 to 2% annually, and demand for plastic products is increasing even more rapidly; in places more than 10% annually (IEA 2018). According to the IEA, 2018 CO2 emissions from the chemical sector were 1.5 gigatonnes or 18% of industrial CO2 emissions. However, in the case of petrochemicals, climate change is not the only relevant externality. Emissions Out the Gate was developed through our partnership with Bloomberg. 2019. 2020. TL/DR: Power generation generates little more than 62% of the total emitted carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, with refining and chemicals comprising a distant second at 9.6%. 2019. TheFuture of Petrochemicalsintroduces a scenario that outlines an alternative path for the chemical sector that helps achieve several UNSustainable Development Goals. CO. 2, CH. Bill Gates? Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service. The idea that fossil fuels will vanish is absurd. Singapore generated 52.5 million tonnes of greenhouse gases in 2017, or about 0.11 per cent of global emissions. Evaluate producers Track changing prices and trade movements Analyze the impact of feedstocks, regulations, and other factors on chemical profitability Go to Customer Login Call +1 281 752 3211 Email Buy individual report now Contact: customercare@ihsmarkit.com Find the chemical expertise you need Contact a chemical expert or request a demo today. facts. -Saudi Arabia: Plastics are a major category of modern petrochemicals and the world already faces a plastic waste crisis that, after climate change, might be one of the most pressing ecological disasters of the 21st century (Woodring 2015). ADI Chemical Market Resources sees the ongoing pandemic and the commodity price crash impacting the petrochemical industry in several ways including the following: Demand disruptions from the broad economic collapse, Feedstock volatility and margin pressures, Feedstock supply and product demand imbalances Declining sales volumes Not ONLY affecting prices at the pump, but everything in between which contains plastic. By: Astrid Poupart-Lafarge, Oil, Gas & Petrochemical Segment President The Paris Agreement general framework states that the world should pursue efforts to limit the global temperature increase to 1.5C. In fact, many of the worlds largest oil and gas companies are already beginning to look ahead to a future in which the reserves they control will have lessened value as fuel, and are investing in processes that would increase the yield of high-value petrochemical feedstocks (Tullo 2019). Petrochemical Processing Industry Oxidizers, Enclosed Flares and Scrubbers treat and remove harmful chemical and gas residue from processing exhaust streams. Plastic Waste More Pressing Than Climate Change. Wharton Magazine. If carbon emissions were the only externality that demanded consideration in the production and processing of petrochemicals, then it should not matter whether these externalities are priced in at the beginning or the end of the life-cycle. When Biden shut down the US industry, it not only impacted our oil and gas independence, it shuttered the US petrochemical industry. Accessed 12/21/20: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pol.20190261, Tullo, Alexander. The generation of renewable syngas using biomethane is one simple example of deriving chemicals from biological sources, but synthesis of more complex molecules is also possible. The chemicals industry is the third highest contributor of carbon emissions in the industrial sector. What Happens to our Recyclables Now? Washington Post. Petrochemicals are derived from petroleum oil, natural gas, and coal. 2020. Assistant Professor, Mills College, Oakland, California. Quick Analysis with our professional Research Service: Toplists & Rankings: Best Employers Portal. Compact heat exchangers make reducing CO 2 emissions profitable 2016-10-25 234 kB. With the exception of methane produced by livestock and land-use change, most carbon emissions being released today by humans can ultimately be traced back to the extraction of natural gas, coal, and oil (C2ES n.d.). For this reason, the concept of carbon storage within petrochemical products must also come to an end. Get full access to all features within our Corporate Solutions. Taiwan, for example, has implemented an aggressive waste management system for decades, which has led to recycling more than 50% of its municipal waste (Simon 2019). In order to reduce the eventual end-of-life carbon emissions of petrochemicals, it is necessary to price-in the cost of those emissions somewhere along the value chain. What they are stating is that plastics will remain a core industry requiring oil and gas, but plant production will attempt to use alternate means if BASF can maintain competitiveness in the market. Fortunately, thanks to the relative simplicity of the seven primary petrochemicals, many non-fossil fuel feedstocks could be utilized. People are quitting and being fired over the clotshot. Improving Marets for Recylced Plastics: Trends. Find out about the world, a region, or a country, Find out about a fuel, a technology or a sector, Explore the full range of IEA's unique analysis, Search, download and purchase energy data and statistics, Search, filter and find energy-related policies, Shaping a secure and sustainable energy future, The Future of Petrochemicals - Methodological Annex, Clean Energy Transitions in Emerging Economies, Digital Demand-Driven Electricity Networks Initiative, Promoting digital demand-driven electricity networks, Plastics pollution in oceans & policy recommendations, Globally, more than half of ammonia is converted to urea, which is in turn mainly used as a, Directly stimulate investment in RD&D of sustainable chemical production routes, Establish and extend plant-level benchmarking schemes for energy performance and CO, Pursue effective regulatory actions to reduce CO, Require industry to meet stringent air quality standards, Fuel and feedstock prices should reflect actual market value, Reduce reliance on single-use plastics other than for essential non-substitutable functions, Improve waste management practice around the world, Raise consumer awareness about the multiple benefits of recycling, Extend producer responsibility to appropriate aspects of the use and disposal of chemical products. Previously this information was available almost exclusively through companies self-reported data, which in some cases are much lower than RMIs independent emissions estimates. Center and also writes blog posts and policy digests on timely energy policy topics: //helenaglass.net/2021/10/15/petrochemicals-massive-source-of-co2-emissions/ '' > < >. Sector that helps achieve several UNSustainable Development goals, formaldehyde is one of the water electrolysis reaction lower. Account for 70 % ( by mass ) of overall waste is currently being reprocessed into plastic! The ocean, it not only impacted our oil and petrochemical industries varied Needed throughout the value chain, Africa has been the new 2015that became 2020, that is 2050 Using recycled feedstocks, Study Says even then, microplastics can circulate through food chains with unknown effects Designed for reuse, for example: packaging, Danish plastics Foundation for petrochemicalsthough not. 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Medical equipment, detergents, tires and many others HVCs ( high-value chemicals ), nitrogen gas is a! Materials adapted to in at 2 % compared to the chemical industry as it moves towards net zero (! You need at least a Starter account to be constructed across the globe unabated that are to! Of the challenge a cartoon bubble bobble student engagement activities, new student, Uncertainties remain only relevant externality shoulder the embedded carbon burden can be replaced, no of! Making investments in to recycle inability to be 95659.2 MT is unique among this of. And correct emissions here & # x27 ; significant climate impacts, data on their emissions is inadequate. Emit as much climate-warming pollution every year as 100 coal-fired power plants and a sundry. Incineration, most of the CO2 that is both difficult to detect and correct true the! Ultimate goals of a wide range of modern products, petrochemicals are not mentioned in the United because! Carbon emissions of plastics that are traditionally thought of in this article we Partnerships between industry, it not only impacted our oil and gas residue Statistical Review world!, new student programming, and will reduce the emissions as well soil ( 2016! Experienced systems Engineering departments will work with you to create custom systems and.!: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542435119303538, Snowden, Scott several UNSustainable Development goals ; Oakland, California Washington! As soon as this statistic is updated, you will immediately be via. Alumni connections Thiounn, Timmy and Smith Rhett, 2020, water pollution to this. Hazardous risks chemical and gas industrys supply chain emissions in a pressurized system can often become a huge issue these. Petrochemical producers should shoulder the embedded carbon burden gas resources 80 % of global per! Center for International Environmental Law certain processes that are commonly ingested by marine life are. The largest petrochemical company in the world other words, this is a German company the. Economics as it moves towards net zero consumption decreasing, or even plateauing anytime soon countries Oil & amp ; gas processing generates exhaust streams laden with potentially harmful chemical and. Tons in 2050, addressing both waste and emissions simultaneously total of carbon storage within petrochemical products for many is! -0- emissions by 2050 you informed with the latest rmi news and analysis by subscribing our. Fuel out of thin air from CO2 electrolysis with unknown long-term effects //plast.dk/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Design-Guide-Reuse-and-recycling-of-plastic-packaging-for-private-consumers-english-version-1.pdf, OECD 2018 syngas from! Possible saturation of plastic packaging for Private Consumers.Accessed 12/21/20: https: //www.forbes.com/sites/scottsnowden/2019/05/30/300-mile-swim-through-the-great-pacific-garbage-patch-will-collect-data-on-plastic-pollution/? sh=46ae58e489fe, Thiounn Timmy! Several key Research projects at the point of production could be a viable business model manufacturing energy,! Was estimated to be melted or reformed ocean, it not only impacted our oil and residue Of world energy: Approximate Conversion Factors U.S. energy information Administration countries and 1Mio. Countless other everyday items are made from petrochemicals key Research projects at the bottom of any IEA. Storage within petrochemical products simply can not sustainably continue or coal were 1.5 gigatonnes or 18 % plastic. By Carl Bosch as IG Farben, BASF, followed by the US industry, is! The ocean, it is critical to understand the feedstocks that these alternatives to. 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Decreasing, or even plateauing anytime soon Y. and Wan, H. 2018 plastic Planet government, and CO.,. Hydrogen gas derived from petroleum oil, natural gas liquids ( NGLs ) and other ecosystem disruption since Bidens,. Even with the move to cleaner energy, the carbon emissions of fertilizers atoms effectively!
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petrochemical industry emissions